function deltF=func_deltF(Volt,PG,QG,PVi,PGi,wPG,wQG,wPD,wQD,wVolt,PG0,QG0,PD0,PD,QD,QD0,Volt0,Busnum,Loadi) t3=2*wPD.*(PD(Loadi)-PD0(Loadi)); t4=2*wQD.*(QD(Loadi)-QD0(Loadi)); t5=2*wVolt.*(Volt-Volt0); deltF=[sparse(t3); sparse(t4); sparse(t5'); sparse(1*Busnum,1); ]; end