function deltF=func_deltF(wVolt,wPD,wQD,PD0,PD,QD,QD0,Volt,mVolt,Busnum,Loadi) t3=2*wPD.*(PD(Loadi)-PD0(Loadi)); t4=2*wQD.*(QD(Loadi)-QD0(Loadi)); t5=2*wVolt.*(Volt-mVolt); deltF=[sparse(t3); sparse(t4); sparse(t5); sparse(1*Busnum*3,1); ]; end