function deltF=func_deltF(wPD,wQD,PD0,PD,QD,QD0,Busnum,Loadi) t3=2*wPD.*(PD(Loadi)-PD0(Loadi)); t4=2*wQD.*(QD(Loadi)-QD0(Loadi)); deltF=[sparse(t3); sparse(t4); sparse(2*Busnum*3,1); ]; end