function Lw=FormLw(Mat_G,Init_U,Busnum,Loadi) VoltU=sparse(1.1*ones(Busnum,1)); PDU=sparse(1.5*ones(length(Loadi),1)); QDU=sparse(1.5*ones(length(Loadi),1)); t1=[PDU; QDU; VoltU]; t2=Mat_G+Init_U-t1; Lw=t2; end